The difference between dynamic sealing and static sealing

Difference between dynamic seal and static rod seal

Seals are divided into dynamic seals and static seals. Static seals are divided into three categories: pad seals, glue seals, and contact seals. Dynamic seals can be divided into two categories: rotary dynamic seals and reciprocating dynamic seals. The seal forms are divided into two categories: static seals between relatively static joint surfaces and dynamic seals between relatively moving joint surfaces.

1. Static seal: According to the working pressure, static seal can be divided into medium and low pressure static seal and high pressure static seal. The medium and low pressure static seals are usually made of softer materials and wider gaskets, while high pressure static seals use metal gaskets with hard materials and narrow contact widths.

2. Dynamic seal: According to whether the seal is in contact with the zero-degree part that moves relative to it, it can be divided into contact seal and non-contact rod seal.

Generally speaking, the sealing performance of the contact seal is good, but limited by friction and wear, it is suitable for the occasions where the sealing surface line is low. In the contact seal, it can be divided into circumferential (radial) seal and end face seal according to the contact position of the seal. Face seals are also known as mechanical seals. Non-contact dynamic seals include labyrinth seals and dynamic seals.

The former uses the throttling effect of the fluid between the gaps to limit leakage, and the leakage is large. It is usually used for sealing between stages and other occasions where the requirements are not high. Dynamic seals include centrifugal seals, floating ring seals, spiral seals, etc. It relies on the pressure head generated by the power element to offset the pressure difference on both sides of the seal to overcome leakage. It has high sealing performance, but it consumes a lot of energy and is difficult to obtain high pressure head. . Non-contact sealing, since the sealing surface is not in direct contact, the starting power is small and the service life is long.

If the design is reasonable, the leakage will not be too large. However, this type of seal works by utilizing the equilibrium state of fluid mechanics. If the operating conditions change, it will cause a large fluctuation in the leakage amount. Moreover, such seals cannot be purchased on the market, and basically there are user designs.

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